1. Laying Damp Proof Course
Any course on which a damp-proof material is
to be laid shall be flushed up with cement mortar No. 2 to form an even bed
Damp-Proof material shall then be laid and protected from injury until the
mortar is set, when building may proceed.
Damp-proof materials shall be lapped 150 mm
at joints and angles.
A damp-proof course shall be laid between
the structural concrete floor slab and the walls forming the superstructure of
any building.
2. Masonry Construction
Bricks and concrete blocks shall not be
wetted before lying. If not otherwise indicated, masonry units shall be laid in
stretcher bond breaking joints with the course below. Walls shall be started on
the structural beam, or slab and laid out with one starting course to define
spaces, doors, openings, etc., and to serve as a guide for other trades. Joints
shall be finished flush where exposed to
view, and shall be raked to an even depth of 10 mm, Masonry units shall be laid
on a full unfurrowed bed of mortar and with end joints solidly filled with
mortar. Units shall be tamped into place, squeezing out all air pockets and insuring
a full bed of mortar.
Wall ties shall be of the following types
and spacing:
·
Between cavity wall skins (where applicable), twisted
galvanized steel butterfly type at 800 mm horizontally and 450 mm vertically.
·
At structural columns, galvanized steel dovetail
ties with tang for embedment in block work joint for fixing to insert strip in
column at 450 mm vertically.
Masonry shall have bed joint reinforcement
in every third course consisting of 2 No. 6 mm mild steel bars or other
approved proprietary system. In cavity walling, both skins shall have bed joint
reinforcement. Reinforcement shall also be provided above and below all window
and door openings.
The faces of walls shall be laid plumb and
true with cells in vertical alignment. Chases, pockets, and other breaks in
masonry construction shall be formed where shown or directed. Frames and other
built-in items shall be maintained in proper position and bracing for the same
shall not be removed until they have been securely anchored in the masonry.
During progress of the work, the exposed surfaces of masonry, and of other
construction and finishes shall be kept clean at all times and protected
against damage.
Lintels and cills shall be laid true to line
and level, bedded on cement mortar No. 2. An
open joint, not less than 15mm wide, shall be left between the ends of
all concrete lintels and cills, whether precast or cast in-situ, and the walls
adjacent to these ends. These open joints shall be left as long as possible
during construction and not filled until plastering or other works render such
filling necessary. All such joints shall be properly filled before completion
of the work.
Concrete screen blocks shall not be wetted
before laying, and blocks shall be laid in stacking bond, unless otherwise
shown on the Contract Drawings. Blocks shall be laid in alignment from bottom
to top of wall with joints not exceeding 15mm., uniform throughout and finished
slightly concave and smooth.
Cleaning of exposed masonry shall be
performed by removing all excess mortar, dust, efflorescence and stains, using
a five (5) percent muriatic acid and water solution or soap powder applied with
brushes. The masonry shall be thoroughly rinsed with water for final cleaning.
All damaged and defective work shall be cut-out and replaced with new materials and joints shall be repainted
where necessary to leave them in a satisfactory and approved condition. The
same type and color of mortar shall be used for pointing as for the original
work.
All masonry shall be protected from damage
until completion and acceptance of the Works. The replacing of damaged work
shall be the responsibility of the CONTRACTOR
and such repair work shall be performed prior to acceptance by COMPANY and at
the CONTRACTORS expense.
3. Fix and Build into Masonry
The Contractor
shall ascertain from the suppliers of prefabricated or manufactured goods any
special fixing instructions and shall refer them to COMPANY for approval.
Care must be taken to protect faces and
other working parts from mortar and other droppings.
Under no circumstances shall uncoated aluminum
be built into masonry.
Where aluminum or ferrous members are built
into masonry the contact surfaces shall be first painted with two coats of
bituminous paint.
Where aluminum surfaces are in contact the
jointing compound shall be loaded with zinc chromate.
4. Doors, Windows and Louvers
All buildings shall be weather tight before
installation of equipment. In some cases, removable sections may have to be
designed into buildings to allow later installation of major equipment.
Openings left in walls for fixing doors or
windows or louvers shall be of minimum practical size required or directed by COMPANY.
All internal doors shall be mounted on metal
sub-frames. The sub-frames shall be sized to allow building finishes to be
completed prior to unit installation.
The CONTRACTOR shall obtain the approval of COMPANY
for the method of fixing the door or window or louvers.
All doors shall be flush type, 44 mm thick,
constructed of 1.2 mm (18-gauge) thick prime quality cold rolled steel,
exterior doors shall be 1.5 mm (16-gauge) for conforming to ASTM A526, galvanized.
Doors shall be factory-prepared with
internal reinforcing & cutouts for the specified hardware.
Double doors shall have a one piece
overlapping metal astragal on both the outside of the active leaf & the
inside of the inactive leaf.
Doors shall be filled with mineral wool.
All metal door frames shall be accurately
fabricated.
All metal frames shall be fabricated from
1.2 mm (18-gauge) thick steel exterior frames shall be 1.5 mm (16-gauge).
5. Rendering
Cement rendering shall be applied in two or
three coats as specified on the Approved Drawing.
Undercoats shall have an average thickness
of 10 mm and finishing coats an average thickness of 6 mm.
Two-coat rendering shall be to a total
thickness of 16 mm and three coats rendering to a total thickness of 25 mm.
The CONTRACTOR shall take all measures
necessary to provide an adequate key for rendering on concrete. Wire brushing
of timber formwork will be permitted and when metal formwork is used hacking of
the concrete will be allowed. The use of a retardant on formwork will not be
permitted in any circumstances.
The surface of brickwork or masonry to be
rendered shall be thoroughly prepared before
the first undercoat is applied by raking out the joints to form an efficient
key for the rendering.
Surfaces shall be
thoroughly brushed down to clean off all dust and loose material. Particular attention
shall be paid to the removal of mould oil or other deleterious substances. Each
undercoat shall be scored to form an adequate key for subsequent coats.
Each rendering coat shall be kept moist for at least 48 hours and then
given
adequate time to dry out thoroughly before the application of any subsequent
coats. The surfaces shall be moistened immediately before the application of
any further coat.
The finishing coat
shall have a steel float finish to true planes and regular curves and to an
even and polished surface. Arises shall be rounded and lineable and a hollow
fillet shall be run at internal angles.
Trowelled beds
with a plain surface to receive flexible and thin coverings shall be brought to
a smooth plane surface completely free of all marks grooves and the like.
The finished
rendering shall be protected and cured as specified for concrete.
6. Plastering
Premixed plaster shall be protected as for
cement. Sand shall be stored under clean conditions and no contamination by
soil or other harmful substances shall be allowed.
All plastering shall be carried out in two
coats except on expanded metal lathing, which shall be carried out in three
coats.
All materials shall be obtained from
approved manufacturers and shall be used in accordance with their instructions.
Plastering to walls
shall consist of a backing coat of cement lime sand 1. 1:6 to a thickness of 10 mm and a finishing coat of
anhydrous gypsum plaster 3 mm thick.
Alternatively, a 2 mm thick coat of retarded
hemihydrates premixed gypsum plaster may be used with a backing coat of
browning plaster, 11 mm thick.
Plastering to concrete
soffits, beams and the like shall be by proprietary skim coat.
Galvanized expanded metal angle and casing
beads shall be fixed with plaster dabs at not more than 600 mm centre’s to suit
the finished thickness of the plaster and where possible in one length. Where
jointing is found to be necessary a dowel of heavy galvanized wire shall
be inserted in the hollow head of
each piece to ensure perfect alignment.
Plastering on expanded
metal lathing shall be in three coats and the pricking up and floating coats shall be in metal lathing
plaster to a total thickness of 8 mm from the face of the lath and a
finishing coat 2 mm thick of finishing piaster.
Dubbing out shall be
carried out in a similar mix to the subsequent coat and shall be a
maximum of 10 mm thick in any one application.
Metal lathing shall be galvanized steel
lathing having a weight of 1.63 kg/sqm.
All surfaces shall be
cleaned down and the surfaces of brickwork concrete or similar materials
shall be well wetted before plastering is commenced.
The CONTRACTOR shall take all measures
necessary to provide an adequate key for
plastering on concrete, which shall include scrubbing the whole area.
Wire brushing of timber formwork will be permitted and when metal formwork is
used hacking of the concrete will be allowed. The use of a retardants on formwork
will not be permitted in any circumstances.
Where dissimilar wall backgrounds
meet to form an internal angle the plaster shall be severed at the intersection by a
trowel cut and made good with an approved cellulose filler immediately prior to
decoration. The junction between wall and ceiling plaster shall be treated in the
same manner.
7. Floor and Wall Tiling
Floors specified as concrete painted shall
be screeded to finished floor level with steel float finish.
Ceramic tiles shall be bedded to the
cement/sand Semi Dry Mix Method, using one part cement to four parts of sand spread
evenly over the floor firmly compacted and
covered by a sand cement slurry 3 mm thick. The tiles shall then be placed and firmly beaten into the
bedding to finished floor level.
PVC tiles of a pattern and color to COMPANY's
approval are to be supplied and fixed with approved adhesive to screed with
steel float finish to provide the required finished floor levels.
Tiled areas shall be
returned into window reveals to the height of the wall tiling. Window cills
shall also be tiled unless otherwise indicated. The CONTRACTOR shall allow for all
cuttings round edge tiles, internal and external, angles, coves and other
specials necessary to complete the work.
8. Roof Waterproofing and Insulation
Waterproofing to flat roofs shall consist of
bitumen-based felts, asphalt or similar material. The design for flat roof
waterproofing and insulation shall demonstrate that requirements are clearly
set out regarding water tightness, drainage, thermal insulation, fire
precautions, and access for maintenance and repair.
Waterproofing
shall be of the 'inverted' type whereby loose-laid rigid insulation boards are
placed over the waterproof membrane. Boards shall be protected by geotextile
and ballasted with gravel and/or paving flags. This will ensure that membranes
are protected both from deterioration arising from exposure to ultraviolet
light, and from roof traffic.
All roofs shall be
insulated with minimum 50mm thickness of extruded flame-retardant
polystyrene boards or similar to the approval of COMPANY. White expanded polystyrene
bead board is not acceptable. meets ASTM
C-578, D-1621, C272, D696, C-203; also, meets to Underwriters Laboratories (UL)
Fire Hazard Classification No. 723.
Waterproofing shall be fully protected at
up-stands from direct sunlight by means of aluminum fashings.
Rainfall in Indonesia is often infrequent but
violent. Designs shall allow for 75mm per hour precipitation. Parapet walls
shall always have sufficient openings to ensure that roofs do not flood as a
result of blockage to piped outlets.
Design proposals shall always include
details of roof entries for piped services, demonstrating that adequate
waterproofing is allowed for. Any openings
required in roof slabs for access, skylights etc. shall have upstands a
minimum of 150mm above the top of all roof finishes.
Membrane roofing shall be used EDPM
(Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) Rubber (Neoprene), minimum 1.15 mm (0.045
inches) thick. Single membrane roofing system, which meets the minimum physical
properties of ASTM D 5637
(Standard Specification for Vulcanized Rubber Sheet Used in Single-Ply Roof
Membrane).
Vapor Barrier shall be provided under-slab
moisture vapor barrier of 0.15 mm thick polyethylene film.
9. Joinery and Carpentry
Joinery and carpentry work shall be carried
out by qualified master tradesmen to a good finished quality.
10. Plumbing and Sanitary Work
Samples of all plumbing and sanitary
fittings shall be submitted to COMPANY for his approval before installation is
commenced.
The whole of the
plumbing installation shall be executed in accordance with the national or
local water regulations.
Pipework shall be wrapped in protective
wrapping tape and paste where it passes through walls or floors. Fixing shall
be by means of standard brackets and clips of approved design and materials, and
spaced at not more than 1200 mm centres.
The completed cold and hot water services
shall be flushed out after completion and tested for water tightness. A test
pressure of 20 m head of water shall be applied and maintained for one hour
without any sign of leakage or pressure drop. Except where otherwise stated by COMPANY
all plumbing pipework shall be surface mounted.
A sump arrangement with submersible sewage
handling pumps shall be provided for all buildings with kitchen or toilet
facilities in basements. The sumps shall
have completely sealed covers to prevent escape of odours, but consideration
shall be given to space and access for cleaning and removal of equipment for
maintenance.
11. Glazing
All glazing to air-conditioned spaces shall
be double glazed by hermetically sealed units. Glazing shall be carried out
with the recommendations of the glazing manufacturers.
Samples of all glass shall be submitted to COMPANY
for his approval before glazing is commenced.
All glass shall be kept dry during transit
and storage and shall be cut with clean straight edges.
Glazing to metal shall include for plastic
spacers at bottom and sides of panes where necessary.
Glazing with beads shall include for taking
off and re-fixing beads where necessary. Glazing with beads and putty mastic or
other glazing compound shall include for bedding the beads in compound.
